Impacto de la inteligencia artificial en las áreas de programación y redes dentro de las Tecnologías de la Información: una revisión sistemática
Palabras clave:
Inteligencia artificial, programación, redes, tecnologías de la información, revisión sistemáticaResumen
La inteligencia artificial se ha convertido en una pieza transversal de las Tecnologías de la Información, especialmente en los campos de la programación y las redes. El objetivo de este artículo ha sido analizar su impacto mediante una revisión sistemática centrada en sus beneficios, riesgos y condiciones de adopción. Se han aplicado lineamentos inspirados en PRISMA 2020 y en las guías de revisión para ingeniería de software. Se seleccionaron 35 estudios publicados entre 2015 y 2025 sobre modelos de lenguaje enfocados en el código, asistentes de programación, aprendizaje automático aplicado a redes y seguridad, deuda técnica y gobernanza. El estudio revela que la IA mejora la productividad de trabajos específicos, genera código, documentación y pruebas, así como aumenta la observabilidad de las redes con modelos predictivos y detección de intrusiones. Tiene riesgos inherentes en la creación de código vulnerable, dependencia, sesgo por datos, ataques adversariales y mayor necesidad de supervisión humana. Se concluye que su efecto es beneficioso siempre que se use como un apoyo controlado, medible y auditable.
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